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First-Time Home Buyer's Survival Guide

Buying your first home should be exciting, not terrifying. This guide shows you the exact mistakes that in many cases, cost other first-time buyers thousands, and how to avoid them.

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First-Time Buyer Common Mistakes

Learn From Others' Expensive Lessons

Avoid the pitfalls that cost other first-time buyers thousands. These aren't hypothetical warnings. These are real mistakes that real buyers made. Each one costs money, time, or peace of mind. Learn from their experience.

PrimeStreet Pro Tip: Share this list with family and friends helping with your search. Multiple sets of eyes catch mistakes single buyers miss.

Financial Mistakes

Financial mistakes first-time buyers make

Not Getting Pre-Approved Before House Hunting

Seeing homes outside your budget creates disappointment and wastes time. Sellers don't take unqualified buyers seriously. Pre-approval first, shopping second.

The Fix: Get pre-approved before viewing any properties. Know your real budget, not your imaginary one.

Maxing Out Pre-Approval Amount

Just because a lender approves $400K doesn't mean you should spend $400K. Lenders don't know your other financial goals, lifestyle expenses, or risk tolerance.

The Fix: Use the 28% rule. Monthly housing costs shouldn't exceed 28% of gross income. Build a cushion for life changes.

Forgetting About Closing Costs

Saving for down payment but forgetting closing costs (2–5% of purchase) leaves buyers scrambling. Some can't close on time. Some drain emergency funds.

The Fix: Save for down payment PLUS closing costs PLUS moving expenses PLUS 3–6 months emergency fund. Total upfront needs: 8–25% of purchase price.

Making Large Purchases Before Closing

Buying furniture, cars, or appliances before closing changes the debt-to-income ratio. Lenders recheck credit. New debt can kill loan approval days before closing.

The Fix: Freeze all major purchases from pre-approval through closing. Buy the couch after you get the keys.

Changing Jobs During the Process

New employment raises red flags for underwriters. Even lateral moves require new verification. Self-employment makes it worse. In many cases, deals fall apart over job changes.

The Fix: Common guidance is to wait after closing to change jobs. If unavoidable, tell lender immediately and provide extensive documentation.
 

Search & Offer Mistakes

Search and offer mistakes first-time buyers make

Falling in Love With the First House

First home tours create artificial attachment. Buyers lose negotiating power and objectivity. Often overpay or ignore red flags.

The Fix: View at least 5–10 properties before making offers. Comparison creates perspective and confidence.

Skipping Neighborhoods You Haven't Heard Of

Buyers stick to familiar areas and miss better value. Lesser-known neighborhoods often offer more space, better schools, and stronger appreciation potential.

The Fix: Let data guide neighborhood selection. Look at school ratings, crime stats, appreciation rates, and commute times objectively.

Buying Based on Emotion Instead of Numbers

"It just feels right" doesn't justify overpaying. Emotions fade. Mortgages don't. Falling in love clouds judgment about condition, price, and fit.

The Fix: Use a checklist system: must-haves met, comps support price, inspection acceptable. Emotions follow logic, not lead it.

Waiving Inspection to Win Offer

Skipping inspection to be competitive means buying unknown problems. Structural issues, electrical hazards, and plumbing failures hide until they’re your problem.

The Fix: In most cases, don’t waive inspection unless you can afford a total rebuild. Shorten the inspection period instead.

Not Researching the Seller's Situation

Motivated sellers accept lower offers. Unmotivated sellers wait for full price. Knowing the seller's timeline creates leverage.

The Fix: Ask about days on market, prior price changes, reason for selling, and timeline. Use the info strategically.
 

Due Diligence Mistakes

Due diligence mistakes first-time buyers make

Not Attending the Home Inspection

Skipping inspection means relying on written reports without context. Inspectors explain severity and urgency in person.

The Fix: Attend the entire inspection. Ask questions. Take photos. Learn what’s critical versus cosmetic.

Ignoring HOA Rules and Financials

HOA restrictions limit what you can do. Weak finances can lead to special assessments. Monthly fees often rise over time.

The Fix: Review HOA documents thoroughly. Check reserve health. Understand restrictions before offering.

Skipping the Final Walk-Through

Assuming everything is fine leads to closing-day surprises. Repairs may be incomplete. Fixtures may be removed.

The Fix: Do the walk-through 24–48 hours before closing. Verify repairs, test systems, confirm fixtures.

Not Researching Future Development

Empty lots can become apartments. Quiet roads become highways. Development plans change value and quality of life.

The Fix: Check city planning/zoning, ask neighbors, and review school district plans before committing.
 

Closing Mistakes

Closing mistakes first-time buyers make

Not Reading Closing Disclosure Carefully

Unexpected fees and changed terms hide in closing documents. Problems discovered after closing are harder to fix.

The Fix: Review the Closing Disclosure 3 days before closing. Compare to the Loan Estimate line-by-line.

Wiring Funds Without Verification

Wire fraud targets home buyers. Scammers impersonate title companies and provide fake instructions. Stolen funds are rarely recovered.

The Fix: Call the title company using a trusted number to verify wiring details before sending funds.

Not Having Home Insurance Set Up

Lenders require proof before closing. Last-minute shopping means higher rates and limited options. Closings can be delayed.

The Fix: Shop during inspection period. Bind the policy before closing week. Send proof 7+ days early.
 

Post-Purchase Mistakes

Post-purchase mistakes first-time buyers make

Immediately Starting Renovations

Draining savings for renovations eliminates emergency funds. Living in construction increases stress. Needs become clearer over time.

The Fix: Live in the home 3–6 months first. Build renovation funds separately. Prioritize emergencies over preferences.

Ignoring Regular Maintenance

Deferred maintenance leads to expensive emergencies. Small problems become big problems. Home value suffers.

The Fix: Create a maintenance schedule. Build a maintenance fund of 1–2% of home value yearly.

Not Building Emergency Fund Back Up

Using emergency funds for purchase costs leaves no cushion. The first year brings surprise expenses.

The Fix: Rebuild emergency savings immediately. Aim for 3–6 months expenses before upgrades or big purchases.

Real Estate Glossary of Terms

Plain English Translations

Stop nodding along when you don't understand. Know exactly what every term means. Real estate has its own language. Understanding it prevents costly mistakes and builds confidence at every step. Keep our glossary handy during your homebuying process.

Download the Glossary PDF

Frequently Asked Questions

Real Questions From Real First-Time Buyers

The answers you're actually looking for, without the industry jargon or runaround.You're not alone in wondering these things. Every first-time buyer has the same questions about down payments, timing, what's actually negotiable, and whether they're truly ready. We've gathered the most common concerns and answered them straight. No fluff, no sales pitch, just the information you need to move forward with clarity.

How much do I really need to save?
Minimum: Down payment (3-20% of price) plus closing costs (2-5% of price) plus moving expenses ($1,000-5,000) plus emergency fund (three-six months expenses). For a $300K home with 10% down: expect to save $40,000-60,000 total.
Can I buy with less than 20% down?
Yes. Conventional loans accept as little as 3% down. FHA loans require 3.5%. VA and USDA loans offer zero down for qualified buyers. Lower down payments mean higher monthly costs due to mortgage insurance.
What credit score do I need?
We recommend at least Fair credit or higher. Each 20-point drop costs approximately 0.25-0.5% in interest rate. On a $300K loan, that's $40-80 more per month.
How long does the entire process take?
From first serious thought to keys in hand: four-eight months. Pre-approval: one-three weeks. House hunting: 2-12 weeks. Under contract to closing: 30-45 days. Rush is possible but adds stress and limits options.
Should I buy or keep renting?
Buy if you plan on staying in the area at least five years, have stable income, down payment saved, monthly payment comfortable within budget.
Rent if you’re uncertain about the location, don’t have steady income, can't afford maintenance surprises, not ready for commitment. Both are valid choices.

Will checking my credit score hurt it?
Checking your own score is a soft inquiry and doesn't affect it. Lender checks are hard inquiries but multiple mortgage inquiries within 14-45 days count as single inquiries. Check your score before applying.
Can I use gift money for down payment?
Yes. Families can give down payment funds. The lender requires a gift letter stating money is a gift, not a loan. Donors may need to provide bank statements. Rules vary by loan type.
What if I'm self-employed?
Possible but more documentation required. Lenders typically want two years of tax returns, profit and loss statements, and business bank statements. Income is averaged across two years. Inconsistent income makes qualification harder.
Does student loan debt disqualify me?
No, but affects the debt-to-income ratio. Lenders count monthly payments, even if deferred. Income-based repayment plans help. High debt requires higher income to qualify for the same loan amount.
What if my income just increased significantly?
Great for long-term planning but lenders may not count it immediately. The new job requires a 30-day pay stub history minimum. Bonuses and commissions need two-year history. Base salary counts immediately.

How many homes should I see before making an offer?
At least 5-10 to develop perspective. Some buyers need 20 or more. Stop when you find one that checks most boxes and feels right financially. Remember, perfect homes don't exist.
What if nothing in my budget looks good?
Expand your search area, reduce size requirements, consider fixers, or save longer to increase budget. The market determines prices, not what you think you deserve. Adjust expectations or finances.
Should I wait for interest rates to drop?
Timing the market is gambling. Lower rates often mean higher prices as more buyers enter the market. Buy when your situation is right. You can refinance later if rates drop significantly.
Is new construction better than existing homes?
Different, not better. New: warranties, modern systems, customization, but higher cost per square foot and development unknowns. Existing: established neighborhoods, mature landscaping, lower price, but potential maintenance needs. Both work.
What if I find the perfect house but my lease isn't up?
Buyers should review their lease termination clause. Some allow early exit with a penalty. Others require paying through lease end. Some sellers offer flexible closing dates. Budget for potential overlap or lease buyout.

How much under the asking price should I offer?
Depends on the market, days on market, condition, and motivation. Hot market: at or above asking. Normal market: 5-10% under on overpriced homes, closer to asking on fairly priced homes. Cold market: 10-15% under is a reasonable starting point.
What are my chances in multiple offer situations?
Honest answer: lower than single-offer scenarios. Improve odds with: highest price, largest earnest money, minimal contingencies, flexible closing, pre-approval from reputable lender, personal letter. Cash beats financing if the seller is motivated.
Should I make an offer on the first house I see?
Almost never. First home creates false attachment. See at least five properties for perspective. Exception: extremely hot market where inventory disappears in hours and you've done extensive research.
Can I back out after the offer is accepted?
Yes, within contingency periods. Inspection contingency, financing contingency, and appraisal contingency protect you. Outside contingency periods or without valid reason, you lose earnest money and potentially face legal action.
What if the seller won't negotiate repairs?
Request credit instead. Fixes on your timeline and your standards. If the seller refuses everything on reasonable requests, decide if you're willing to accept home as-is or walk away. Some sellers are stubborn.

What if inspection finds major problems?
Request seller fix issues, provide credit, or reduce price. If the seller refuses and problems are severe, walk away. Inspection contingency protects you. Never waive it. Some problems are deal-breakers.
Should I get a pre-inspection before making an offer?
In competitive markets, yes. Costs $300-600 but provides negotiating advantage and allows waiving inspection contingency safely. Shows sellers you're serious. Only worthwhile if ready to move fast.
What happens if appraisal comes in low?
Renegotiate price to appraisal value, increase down payment to cover gap, or cancel contract. The seller must drop the price or you must cover the difference. It’s recommended to never pay more than appraisal without understanding risks.
Can I use my own inspector?
Yes, and you should. Never use an inspector recommended only by a listing agent. Conflict of interest. Ask your buyer's agent for recommendations or research independent inspectors with strong reviews.
Do I need separate inspections for pests, radon, and sewers?
Standard inspection doesn't cover these thoroughly.
Pest inspection: recommended in all climates.
Radon test: recommended in high-risk areas.
Sewer scope: recommended for homes over 20 years old. Small costs prevent huge surprises.

What can go wrong at closing?
Wire fraud, title issues, last-minute loan problems, seller not completing repairs, errors in closing disclosure. Most prevented by: verifying wire instructions by phone, reading documents carefully, maintaining stable finances, doing final walk-through. Follow the instructions of your escrow/title company.
Should I get a home warranty?
Depends. Home warranties cover appliance and system repairs for annual fee plus service call charge. Good for: older homes, first-time buyers without maintenance funds. Bad for: homes with new systems, handy owners. Read terms carefully.
When can I start renovations?
Immediately if you have funds, but consider living in space first. You'll understand flow and needs better after three to six months. Prioritize: safety issues, critical repairs, weatherproofing. Delay: cosmetic updates, non-essential improvements.
How much should I budget for maintenance?
1-2% of home value annually. A $300K home needs $3,000-6,000 per year for maintenance. Year one is often higher with surprise discoveries. Set aside monthly. Deferred maintenance becomes expensive emergencies.
What if I realize I made a mistake?
Selling immediately means losing money to closing costs, commissions, and market timing. Try to make it work for at least two years. Many regrets fade as you settle in. True mistakes teach expensive but valuable lessons.

Test Your Homebuying Knowledge

Find Out What You Don't Know Yet

Most first-time buyers get at least half of these wrong. See where you stand before you start shopping.This quiz reveals gaps in your homebuying knowledge before they cost you money. No email required. No sales pitch after. Just an honest assessment of what you know and what you need to learn.

Question 1 of 10
 
0/10 Answered
Question 1: Total Cash Needed — You're buying a $350,000 home with 10% down. How much total cash should you have saved?
Correct Answer: C
Down payment is only part of the picture. Closing costs add 2-5% of purchase price. Moving expenses run $1,000-5,000. You still need a three to six months emergency fund after buying. Total upfront needs typically hit 15-20% of purchase price. Buyers who save only for down payment scramble at closing or drain savings completely.
Question 2: Pre-Approval Timing — When should you get pre-approved for a mortgage?
Correct Answer: B
Pre-approval comes before house hunting starts. Looking at homes outside your budget wastes everyone's time and creates disappointment. Sellers and their agents ignore buyers without pre-approval. Know your real budget first, shop second. This prevents falling in love with unaffordable properties.
Question 3: Maximum Housing Budget — Your lender pre-approves you for $450,000. What should your actual maximum budget be?
Correct Answer: C
Lenders approve based on debt ratios, not your other goals, lifestyle costs, or risk tolerance. The 28% rule keeps housing affordable while leaving room for other expenses, savings, and life changes. Just because a bank lends you money doesn't mean you should borrow it all. Build a cushion for real life.
Question 4: Home Inspection Attendance — Should you attend your home inspection?
Correct Answer: C
Attending the full inspection lets you ask questions, understand severity versus cosmetics, and learn about your future home's systems. Written reports often look scarier than reality or miss context the inspector provides verbally.
Question 5: First Home Viewings — How many properties do most buyers view before making an offer?
Correct Answer: C
First homes create false attachment and eliminate objectivity. Viewing multiple properties builds perspective about value, conditions, and trade-offs.
Question 6: Appraisal Shortfall — The home appraises for $15,000 less than your offer price. What happens next?
Correct Answer: C
Low appraisal gives you options. Sellers can reduce price. You can cover the gap. Or you can cancel if protected by an appraisal contingency.
Question 7: Major Purchases During Process — When can you buy furniture, appliances, or a new car?
Correct Answer: D
Lenders recheck credit before closing. New debt changes ratios and can kill approval. Buy everything after you own the house.
Question 8: HOA Investigation — What should you review about a homeowners association before buying?
Correct Answer: C
Weak reserves mean future special assessments. Rules restrict property use. Minutes reveal conflicts and upcoming projects. Research thoroughly.
Question 9: Closing Disclosure Review — You receive your Closing Disclosure. What should you do?
Correct Answer: C
Compare every line to your Loan Estimate. Question changes. Catching errors before closing is easy—fixing them after signing is hard.
Question 10: Post-Purchase Priorities — You just closed on your home. What should be your top financial priority?
Correct Answer: C
First-year homeownership brings surprise expenses. Rebuild emergency fund before upgrades. Stability beats aesthetics.
Your Results: 0/10 Correct Start Here

 

What This Quiz Reveals
Homebuying has dozens of decision points where knowledge prevents costly errors. The buyers who succeed are rarely the ones who knew everything from the start. They're the ones who identified gaps early and filled them before making offers.

The questions you missed point to areas worth studying further. Scroll back through the mistakes section and focus on those topics. Save the glossary for reference. And when you're ready, find an agent who expects you to ask questions instead of just nodding along.

Working With PrimeStreet

Clear answers to how PrimeStreet helps you find the right agent without guesswork.

How does PrimeStreet agent matching work?

You provide details about price range, preferred areas, timeline, and priorities. PrimeStreet’s algorithm matches you with agents who specialize in exactly those parameters and have proven success with similar buyers.

Is there a cost to use PrimeStreet?

No. PrimeStreet’s agent matching service is completely free for home buyers and sellers. There are no hidden fees, obligations, or pressure.

What if I don’t like the matched agent?

It’s uncommon due to thorough matching criteria, but if the fit isn’t right, PrimeStreet provides alternative matches. You’re never stuck with a poor fit.

Can I still use PrimeStreet if I already have an agent?

PrimeStreet works best before selecting an agent. If you’re under an exclusive agreement, honor it. If you’re exploring options and not satisfied, PrimeStreet can help before you commit.


Get Started Today

Learn from mistakes before they’re yours. Find an agent who knows the pitfalls.

First-time homebuying has enough stress without repeating others’ costly errors. When you work with the right agent, you gain someone who’s seen these mistakes before and knows how to avoid them. Our goal is to help you avoid surprises, expensive lessons, and regrets. PrimeStreet agents are matched to your specific situation and work to help you avoid common traps.

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